Final answer:
Facts about a company's prior calendar year are typically derived from its annual report, which includes financial statements such as the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement, along with a management discussion and analysis section for insight into the company's performance and future prospects.
Step-by-step explanation:
When discussing facts about a company's prior calendar year, we're typically referring to information encapsulated in their annual report. An annual report includes various financial statements such as the income statement, the balance sheet, and the cash flow statement. These are essential tools used to analyze a company's financial health and operational performance during the previous year.
The income statement presents the company's revenues and expenses, showing the net income or loss over a specific period. The balance sheet provides a snapshot of the company's financial position at the year's end, detailing assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity. The cash flow statement charts the flow of cash in and out of the business, indicating how the company has managed its cash position.
Moreover, the annual report might include a management discussion and analysis (MD&A) section, where executives discuss the year's accomplishments, challenges, and future outlook.