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In what order should an orthopedic surgeon cut through the major layers and specific tissues to reach the femur (thigh bone) for repairing a fracture?

1) Skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, muscles, periosteum, bone
2) Muscles, fascia, subcutaneous tissue, skin, periosteum, bone
3) Skin, fascia, subcutaneous tissue, muscles, periosteum, bone
4) Muscles, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, skin, periosteum, bone

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Final answer:

To perform surgery on a fractured femur, the orthopedic surgeon cuts through the layers in the following order: skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, muscles, periosteum, and bone. The correct sequence ensures that the surgeon reaches the bone in a systematic manner without missing any critical tissues that need to be navigated or preserved for successful repair.

Step-by-step explanation:

To access and repair a fractured femur, an orthopedic surgeon would cut through the major layers and specific tissues in a sequential manner. This process typically follows the natural anatomical layering of the leg.

  1. Skin: The first layer to cut, serving as the body's protective covering.
  2. Subcutaneous tissue: This layer of fat and connective tissue lies beneath the skin and serves as insulation and padding.
  3. Fascia: A fibrous tissue layer enclosing and separating muscles.
  4. Muscles: These tissues are responsible for movement. In the thigh, this includes compartments containing the quadriceps femoris group and the hamstrings, among others.
  5. Periosteum: A dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints.
  6. Bone: The femur itself, which is the longest and strongest bone of the body.

The correct sequence for approaching a femur for surgical repair of a fracture is skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, muscles, periosteum, and then finally the bone. Therefore, the correct answer is option 1: Skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, muscles, periosteum, bone.

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