Final answer:
The IUPAC name for an organic compound is determined by identifying the longest carbon chain, naming substituents in alphabetical order, and using hyphens and commas for clarity. Aldehydes are named with the suffix '-al', and substituents are numbered to determine their position on the main chain.
Step-by-step explanation:
Naming organic compounds according to the IUPAC System of Nomenclature is a systematic process that ensures each compound has a unique name. When naming a compound, start by identifying the longest carbon chain which serves as the parent name, then identify all substituent groups attached to the main chain. Place substituent names in alphabetical order before the parent name, using hyphens to separate numbers indicating the position of the substituents and commas to separate multiple numbers.
For instance, the IUPAC name for aldehydes is derived by changing the '-e' of the corresponding alkane to '-al'. If an aldehyde is cyclic, it's termed as a 'carbaldehyde'. Alkanes with branches are named by numbering the longest chain such that the substituents get the lowest possible numbers and by naming the substituents as prefixes to the parent chain.
Here's an example based on the structure provided in Example 15.2.2: If the molecule was a three-carbon aldehyde with no substituents, it would be named propanal, following these IUPAC naming conventions.