Final answer:
To develop a model for drug injection into the bloodstream, it is essential to examine the drug's pharmacokinetics using in vitro model systems and consider factors affecting drug dosage and side effects. Intravenous administration usually results in higher plasma levels than other routes.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find and solve a model for drug injection into the bloodstream, it's important to understand the pharmacokinetics, which involves the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs. In vitro model systems are utilized in the initial phases of drug discovery to investigate these pharmacokinetic processes. One such method is the use of jugular plasma concentration determination after oral administration in animals, which can be indicative of how the drug will behave in humans.
When considering the dosage of a drug, factors such as age, weight, renal and liver function, concomitant medications, and overall health must be taken into account. Side effects associated with drugs can include nausea, dizziness, and drowsiness, among others. Factors contributing to these side effects may include drug interactions, dosing, individual patient sensitivity, and the route of administration, with intravenous injections typically leading to higher plasma levels than oral or intramuscular administration.
The pharmacokinetic models and the factors influencing drug administration and side effects provide essential data that can inform healthcare providers on how to best use these medications for treating various conditions.