Final answer:
The incorrect names 2-ethylhexane and 3-butyl-7-methyloctane can be corrected by drawing the carbon backbone and identifying the substituents and their positions. The correct IUPAC names for these molecules are 2-ethylhexane and 3-butyl-7-methyloctane, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The name 2-ethylhexane is incorrect. The correct name for this molecule can be determined by drawing the carbon backbone and identifying the substituents and their positions. In this case, the carbon backbone consists of a six-carbon chain. The substituent is an ethyl group (C2H5) attached to the second carbon of the chain. Therefore, the correct IUPAC name for this molecule is 2-ethylhexane.
The name 3-butyl-7-methyloctane is incorrect. The correct name for this molecule can be determined by drawing the carbon backbone and identifying the substituents and their positions. In this case, the carbon backbone consists of an eight-carbon chain. The substituents are a butyl group (C4H9) attached to the third carbon of the chain and a methyl group (CH3) attached to the seventh carbon of the chain. Therefore, the correct IUPAC name for this molecule is 3-butyl-7-methyloctane.