Final answer:
In chemistry, identifying products and reaction types involves understanding the mechanisms occurring during a chemical change. Dehydration synthesis, double displacement, and elimination are a few examples of such reactions relevant to producing polymers, reacting aluminum with bases, and forming alkenes, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The questions you've presented are all related to reactions in chemistry, where you're asked to identify the products formed and categorize the type of reaction taking place. When complex polymers are created from combinations of smaller monomers and water is also a by-product, this is typically a dehydration synthesis reaction, sometimes called a condensation reaction.
With aluminum and a base, such a reaction typically produces a complex aluminate compound, but the specific conditions will dictate the exact product. The combination of hydrogen fluoride and potassium carbonate results in the production of potassium fluoride, water, and carbon dioxide, which is representative of a double displacement reaction.
In general, when you consider the stoichiometry of a reaction, this helps to determine the rates of consumption of reactants and formation of products. If an HOH molecule is removed, resulting in the formation of an alkene, this is an example of an elimination reaction. These reactions are important in organic chemistry for forming multiple bonds within a molecule.
The complete question is: Which is the major product formed under these conditions? Dehydration of Alcohols to Yield Alkenes.