Final answer:
A nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction involves a nucleophile replacing a leaving group in a covalent bond with a carbon atom in an acyl group-containing substrate. This reaction can occur in both basic and acidic mediums and is commonly observed in reactions of acid halides, anhydrides, carboxylic acids, esters, and amides.
Step-by-step explanation:
A nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction is a type of reaction where a nucleophile replaces a leaving group in a covalent bond with a carbon atom in an acyl group-containing substrate. The general mechanism involves the nucleophile attacking the carbon atom while the leaving group departs. This type of reaction can occur in both basic and acidic mediums and is commonly seen in reactions of acid halides, anhydrides, carboxylic acids, esters, and amides.