Final answer:
To calculate the current flowing through the circuit with a 12.0 V battery and internal resistance of 0.05 Ω connected to a 1.4 Ω load, add the internal resistance to the load resistance, then apply Ohm's Law, resulting in a current of approximately 8.28 A.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student is asking about the current flowing through a circuit consisting of a battery with an electromotive force (emf) of 12.0 V and an internal resistance of 0.05 Ω, and a load resistance of 1.4 Ω. To calculate the current, use Ohm's Law, which states I = V/R. However, since the battery has an internal resistance, it must be added to the load resistance when calculating the total resistance in the circuit.
The total resistance (Rtotal) is the sum of the load resistance (Rload) and the internal resistance (r):
Rtotal = Rload + r = 1.4 Ω + 0.05 Ω = 1.45 Ω.
Next, applying Ohm's Law to find the current (I):
I = emf / Rtotal = 12.0 V / 1.45 Ω ≈ 8.28 A.
Therefore, the current flowing through the circuit is approximately 8.28 amperes.