Final answer:
The bead on a hoop experiences centripetal force towards the center of the hoop. According to Newton's third law, the hoop or string exerts a force on the bead and the bead exerts a reaction force. Gravity also acts on the bead, pulling it toward the center of the Earth.
Step-by-step explanation:
Forces Acting on a Bead on a Hoop
When considering the forces acting on a bead on a hoop, it is essential to consider Newton's laws of motion, specifically relating to the forces that maintain circular motion. The key force at play here is the centripetal force, which acts towards the center of the hoop, ensuring that the bead stays in its circular path. This force is provided by the physical constraint of the hoop, or if there is a string attached to a nail at the center, it is provided by the tension in the string.
According to Newton's third law, every action has an equal and opposite reaction. In the context of the bead on a hoop, the action force is the force exerted by the string or the hoop on the bead directed towards the center, which keeps the bead moving in a circle. The corresponding reaction force is exerted by the bead on the string or the hoop. If the bead is on a string, this reaction force may cause the string to stretch, illustrating the tension experienced by the string. The bead is also subject to gravity, which acts downward towards the center of the Earth.
The specific forces and their consequences depend on additional factors, such as the presence of friction, the speed of the bead, and external forces (if any).