Question

Label each pair of alkenes as constitutional isomers, stereoisomers, or identical.

Answer 1

Constitutional isomers have the same molecular formula but different atom connectivity, stereoisomers have the same molecular formula and atom connectivity but different spatial arrangement, and identical compounds have the same molecular formula, atom connectivity, and spatial arrangement.

Step-by-step explanation:

Constitutional isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different connectivity of atoms. Stereoisomers are compounds with the same molecular formula and connectivity of atoms, but differ in their spatial arrangement. Identical compounds have the same molecular formula, connectivity of atoms, and spatial arrangement.

1. Example: 2-butene (CH3CH=CHCH3) and 1-butene (CH2=CHCH2CH3) are constitutional isomers because they have the same molecular formula but different atom connectivity.
2. Example: cis-2-butene (CH3CH=CHCH3) and trans-2-butene (CH3CH=CHCH3) are stereoisomers because they have the same molecular formula, atom connectivity, but different spatial arrangement.
3. Example: CH2=CHCH2CH3 (1-butene) and CH3(CH2)2CH=CH2 (cis-2-butene) are different compounds, so they are not identical.