Final answer:
Kawasaki disease is falsely considered an autoimmune disorder; it is actually a vasculitis of unknown cause affecting children. Autoimmune diseases, such as lupus, can affect the heart and are more common in females.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement "Kawasaki disease: autoimmune disorder following an Upper Respiratory Infection" is False. Kawasaki disease is not classified as an autoimmune disease but rather as a vasculitis (inflammation of blood vessels) of unknown cause that predominantly affects children. It is characterized by fever, rash, swelling of the hands and feet, irritation and redness of the whites of the eyes, swollen lymph nodes in the neck, and irritation and inflammation of the mouth, lips, and throat. While the exact cause of Kawasaki disease is not known, it does not typically follow an upper respiratory infection.
Allergies and autoimmune diseases both result from an over-reactive immune system. However, they are different in their mechanisms; allergies are hypersensitive responses to foreign substances, whereas autoimmune diseases are characterized by the immune system mistakenly attacking the body's own cells.
Lupus is an example of an autoimmune disease that can affect the heart, making option (b) correct for the autoimmune disease of the heart. Moreover, females are more likely than males to develop autoimmune diseases, which can be influenced by sex hormones.