Final answer:
The ATP produced during glycolysis is generated through substrate-level phosphorylation, where a phosphate group from a high-energy substrate is directly transferred to ADP to form ATP.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ATP that is generated in glycolysis is produced by substrate-level phosphorylation. This process involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a phosphoenolpyruvate (substrate) to ADP to form ATP. During the second phase of glycolysis, enzymes facilitate the production of ATP through this mechanism. Specifically, the enzyme Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase acts on D-Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to produce 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate (BPG), which then donates a phosphate group to ADP via the action of Phosphoglycerate kinase, resulting in the production of ATP. This is in contrast to oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs in the mitochondria and relies on a proton gradient and oxygen to generate the bulk of ATP during aerobic respiration.