Final answer:
The correct term for the legal resolution of a dispute, including when one is declared guilty or not guilty, is adjudication. This encompasses the full legal process that determines the outcome of the case, and sentencing follows if the verdict is guilty.
Step-by-step explanation:
The legal resolution of a dispute, such as when one is declared guilty or not guilty, is known as adjudication. The question is asking which term refers to the legal resolution of a dispute, and the correct option is 'd) Adjudication'. Adjudication encompasses the entire legal process, which can include a trial, through which a judge and sometimes a jury determine if the defendant is guilty or not.
Those not found guilty are released unless pending charges exist, while the guilty may be sentenced or may enter a plea bargain to avoid a more severe punishment. Conviction, acquittal, and sentencing are parts of the broader process of adjudication.