Question

In what clinical condition has pressure-controlled ventilation with a prolonged inspiratory time been shown to be helpful?

A) ARDS/acute lung injury

B) pulmonary embolism

C) bilateral pneumonia

D) severe pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 1

Pressure-controlled ventilation with prolonged inspiratory time is helpful in managing ARDS/acute lung injury because it improves oxygenation and reduces work of breathing in patients with decreased lung compliance.

Step-by-step explanation:

In the context of clinical conditions, pressure-controlled ventilation with a prolonged inspiratory time has been shown to be particularly helpful in cases of ARDS/acute lung injury (ALI). ARDS and acute lung injury are characterized by (1) a decrease in lung compliance due to stiff or fibrotic lung tissue and (2) a more positive intrapleural pressure, which causes airway collapse upon exhalation that results in air trapping. These diseases impair the ability of a patient to exhale normally, leading to reduction in functional vital capacity (FVC) and a prolonged time to exhale air. As such, the pressure-controlled ventilation helps by improving oxygenation and decreasing the work of breathing, which is beneficial in the management of ARDS/acute lung injury.