Final answer:
The correct order of the menstrual cycle phases affecting the cervix and vagina is Menstruation, Proliferative phase, and Secretory phase (B). Menstruation is the shedding of the endometrial lining, followed by the endometrium's rebuilding in the Proliferative phase due to estrogen, and then the endometrium's preparation for possible embryo implantation in the Secretory phase due to progesterone.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct order of changes in the cervix and vagina during the menstrual cycle is Menstruation, Proliferative phase, and Secretory phase. This sequence corresponds to option B: Menstruation, Proliferative phase, Secretory phase. The uterine cycle begins with menstruation, typically covering days 1 to 5, where the endometrial lining is shed. The proliferative phase follows, lasting from approximately day 6 to 14, where rising estrogen levels stimulate the endometrium to regrow and thins out cervical mucus to facilitate sperm movement. Lastly, the secretory phase occurs, encompassing about days 15 to 28, in which progesterone from the corpus luteum promotes further endometrial changes to prepare for potential implantation of a fertilized egg.