Final answer:
The defects in Tetralogy of Fallot are pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy, leading to various symptoms and requiring surgical repair.
Step-by-step explanation:
The four defects in Tetralogy of Fallot are pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy, not right atrial hypertrophy. These cardiac abnormalities together form a condition that often leads to cyanosis, heart murmurs, and other symptoms due to inadequate oxygenation of blood. Treatment typically involves surgical repair, which may include the use of stents, valve replacements, and septal defect patches. However, the condition has a significant impact on long-term survival rates.