Final answer:
Russel traction provides skin traction by using adhesive strips and a band around the limb. To increase the force along a bone with the same weight in a traction setup, the addition of pulleys can change the force distribution and potentially increase the force applied.
Step-by-step explanation:
Russel traction is a method used to treat fractures and other conditions requiring limb alignment by applying force to a limb in a specific direction. The correct answer to how Russel traction provides adequate skin traction is D) By using adhesive strips and a band around the limb. By using the traction system, weights are often attached to ropes that run over pulleys to exert a constant and controlled force on the limb. The weights apply force through the ropes and pulleys, which are then transmitted to the limb via the adhesive strips attached to the skin.
To answer the question of how to increase the force along the tibia or femur using the same weight in a traction setup, the principle involved is the use of pulley systems. A single pulley can change the direction of the force applied by the weight, but the magnitude remains the same. To increase the force along the bone without changing the weight, more pulleys could be incorporated into the system, effectively distributing the tension and potentially increasing the force depending on the configuration and mechanics of the pulley system.