Final answer:
The statement is false as Choice theory, known as Rational Choice Theory in criminology, focuses on individual decision-making rather than mitigating circumstances. Social Disorganization Theory relates to environmental factors influencing criminal behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement "Choice theory placed emphasis on understanding mitigating circumstances and the commission of crime" is False. Choice theory, also known as Rational Choice Theory in the context of criminology, suggests that individuals make decisions to commit a crime based on a cost-benefit analysis, weighing the risks and rewards. It does not focus on mitigating circumstances but rather on the individual decision-making process.
Social Disorganization Theory, on the other hand, posits that a person's environment can predispose them to criminal activity. This theory emphasizes the importance of location and conditions in neighborhoods and how they can influence the behavior of individuals.