Final answer:
True, a mother's condition of oligohydramnios during the first part of pregnancy can lead to neonatal pulmonary hypoplasia, where the baby might be born with underdeveloped lungs, a condition that can be life-threatening.
Step-by-step explanation:
True, neonatal pulmonary hypoplasia can occur in situations where the mother has had a condition of too little amniotic fluid, called oligohydramnios, during the first part of pregnancy. Amniotic fluid is essential for the normal development of the lungs as the fetus 'breathes' it in and 'exhales' it out, which is vital for lung growth. In conditions of oligohydramnios, there is a reduced volume of amniotic fluid for the fetus to practice these respiratory movements, which can lead to underdevelopment of the lungs, known as hypoplastic lungs, a potentially fatal condition upon birth. Conversely, too much amniotic fluid, or polyhydramnios, may also indicate or cause problems, although the majority of these cases result in a healthy birth.