Final answer:
An example of nonmaleficence in the context of artificial intelligence is option B, which is Preventing AI from unfairly targeting people based on race or other protected status. (option B)
Step-by-step explanation:
An example of the principle of nonmaleficence as it relates to artificial intelligence. The principle of nonmaleficence states that actions should not cause harm to others. When applied to AI, this principle requires consideration of the potential negative impacts and the design of technology to prevent harm.
Out of the options provided, B. Preventing AI from unfairly targeting people based on race or other protected status exemplifies the principle of nonmaleficence. This option directly involves actions taken to prevent harm, specifically the harm that could arise from bias and discrimination in artificial intelligence systems. It aligns with considerations of corporate responsibility and ethical deployment of AI.
Options A and C do not specifically address the principle of preventing harm and thus are less directly related to nonmaleficence. Designing a humanoid robot to cheer up sick children (option A) is an application of AI for a beneficial purpose but does not inherently involve the prevention of harm. Using an AI system to increase sales (option C) is focused on organizational gain, not on avoiding harm to others.
They do not represent the principle of nonmaleficence as accurately as option B.