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Standard of Ur (war side and peace side)

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Final answer:

The Standard of Ur, featuring 'War' and 'Peace' sides, dates back to approximately 2600-2400 BCE and provides a pictorial representation of Sumerian society and military. This artifact is composed of shell, red limestone, lapis lazuli, and bitumen and is currently housed in the British Museum.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Standard of Ur, a significant archaeological artifact, dates back to approximately 2600-2400 BCE. It was discovered in one of the largest graves at the Royal Cemetery at Ur. This masterpiece is composed of shell, red limestone, lapis lazuli, and bitumen, with the original wood having deteriorated over time. The Standard of Ur features two distinct sides known as the 'War' and the 'Peace' panels. The 'War' side depicts one of the earliest known representations of a Sumerian army, showing chariots, infantry, and the presentation of enemies to the king. Conversely, the 'Peace' side illustrates the stability of the society with images of banquets and celebrations, indicating the prosperity and social order during times of peace. The discovery of this object provides insight into the artistic conventions and societal structures of early Mesopotamian civilizations. The British Museum now houses this artifact, where it continues to offer educational value and insight into ancient history.

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