Final answer:
The triangular space enclosed by the horizontal and raking cornices of a pediment is called a tympanum. This area can feature relief sculptures and is distinct from the frieze, which is a separate part of the entablature. The correct answer is a) Tympanum.
Step-by-step explanation:
The triangular space enclosed by the horizontal and raking cornices of a pediment is known as a tympanum. In classical architecture, the pediment often features sculptures and is a prominent element in Greek temples. The tympanum is the area within the pediment that is sometimes adorned with relief sculptures representing mythological or historical narratives pertinent to the temple's patron deity or the city in which the temple is located.
The term frieze refers to a different part of the structure, namely the portion of the entablature that lies above the architrave and below the cornice. It is often decorated with relief sculptures or ornamentation as well, but it forms part of the horizontal band that runs along the top of the columns. Therefore, the correct answer to the question about the triangular space enclosed by the horizontal and raking cornices of a pediment is a) Tympanum.