Final Answer:
The following nursing action is appropriate when providing care to a patient who has intact skin but is at high risk of impaired skin integrity of the heels C) Elevate the heels with a pillow. Therefore the correct option is C) Elevate the heels with a pillow.
Step-by-step explanation:
Elevating the heels with a pillow (option C) is the most appropriate nursing action when providing care to a patient at high risk of impaired skin integrity on the heels. This method helps to reduce pressure on the heels, preventing prolonged contact with the bed surface and minimizing the risk of pressure ulcers. Elevating the heels with a pillow is a non-invasive, preventive measure that aids in maintaining skin integrity by relieving pressure and promoting optimal blood circulation to the area.
Applying a heating pad to the heels (option A) can increase the risk of skin damage by causing localized heat, which may lead to burns or skin irritation. Similarly, massaging the heels with lotion (option B) may exacerbate the risk of skin breakdown, as excessive friction can contribute to tissue damage. Placing a pillow under the calves (option D) does not specifically address the pressure on the heels and may not provide adequate support to prevent skin breakdown in this vulnerable area.
In summary, elevating the heels with a pillow is a simple yet effective nursing intervention to reduce pressure and minimize the risk of impaired skin integrity. It aligns with the principles of preventive care and contributes to maintaining the overall skin health of patients at risk of pressure ulcers. Therefore the correct option is C) Elevate the heels with a pillow.