Final answer:
Public offenses that result in a fine without incarceration are classified as infractions, which are the least severe type of criminal offenses, often including minor violations such as traffic infractions. So, the correct answer is option c.
Step-by-step explanation:
Public offenses that are punishable by fine only and no incarceration are classified as infractions. In the legal system, we have different categories of offenses based on their severity. Felonies are the most serious types of crimes and often result in incarceration.
On the other end are misdemeanors, which are less serious than felonies and can lead to shorter jail terms and fines. Above felonies in terms of gravity is treason, which is a crime against the state itself, such as waging war against one’s own country or aiding its enemies.
Infractions are the least serious type of criminal offense and typically result in a fine with no jail time. These include minor violations such as traffic tickets or jaywalking.
Since infractions are minor, they are handled more like civil cases rather than criminal ones; however, they still fall under criminal law jurisdiction as actions prohibited by the state. Therefore, the correct classification for public offenses punishable only by fine is c) Infractions.