Question

Which assessment finding indicates that a patient's heart failure (HF) is worsening?

1. An increase in O2 saturation to greater than 90%
2. A decrease in heart rate to 66 bpm
3. The onset of atrial fibrillation
4. Louder S1 and S2 heart sounds

Answer 1

The onset of atrial fibrillation and louder S1 and S2 heart sounds indicate worsening heart failure in a patient.

Step-by-step explanation:

The assessment finding that indicates a patient's heart failure (HF) is worsening is the onset of atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation is an abnormal heart rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular contractions of the atria. It can lead to decreased cardiac output and worsening symptoms of heart failure.

Other options provided in the question, like an increase in O2 saturation or a decrease in heart rate, may not necessarily indicate worsening heart failure. In fact, an increase in O2 saturation and a decrease in heart rate can actually be positive findings in a patient with heart failure.

However, a change in heart sounds can also indicate worsening heart failure. In particular, a louder S1 and S2 heart sounds can suggest an enlarged heart and impaired pumping function, which are signs of progression in heart failure.