Question

Fasting blood glucose level (The development of hyperglycemia can be an adverse effect of risperidone. The nurse should obtain a fasting blood glucose level prior to administration of the first dose and periodically during treatment.)

a) to assess liver function
b) to monitor kidney function
c) to evaluate pancreatic function
d) to detect hyperglycemia

Answer 1

A fasting blood glucose level is taken to detect hyperglycemia, particularly in patients treated with risperidone. This test helps assess the risk of developing adverse effects, such as hyperglycemia, and is a critical step in diagnosing and managing diabetes mellitus.

Step-by-step explanation:

The purpose of obtaining a fasting blood glucose level is to detect hyperglycemia, which can be an adverse effect of risperidone treatment. A fasting blood glucose level is checked prior to administration of the first dose and then periodically during treatment. It is important because risperidone can lead to the development of high blood sugar levels as a side effect, and monitoring these levels helps in managing potential complications like diabetes mellitus.

Endocrinologists use various tests to diagnose endocrine disorders including diabetes. The fasting blood glucose test is one such diagnostic tool which measures the levels of glucose in blood after a period of fasting. If upon intake of glucose (e.g., in a glucose tolerance test), the blood sugar levels rise significantly and do not return to normal within a reasonable time frame, the patient may be diagnosed with a glucose intolerance or diabetes mellitus. Monitoring glucose levels during insulin therapy is also crucial to adjust dosages to avoid hypoglycemia, indicating an overdose, or hyperglycemia, suggesting insulin resistance or excessive insulin antagonists.