Final answer:
Adequate iodine supply in the diet is critical for thyroid hormone production, and deficiency can cause goiter and metabolic issues. Iodized salt is often used as a dietary source in regions with low soil iodine.
Step-by-step explanation:
To ensure proper thyroid hormone production, an adequate iodine supply in the diet is necessary because the thyroid gland requires iodine to create these hormones. Iodine's role is vital in synthesizing the hormones T3 and T4. These thyroid hormones facilitate crucial body functions such as cellular oxidation, growth, reproduction, and activity of the nervous systems. Dietary sources of iodine vary globally, and in areas with low soil iodine levels, iodized salt serves as a primary source. Without sufficient iodine, people can experience symptoms such as goiter, an enlarged thyroid gland, and a sluggish metabolism. In severe cases, particularly in children, iodine deficiency can lead to permanent intellectual disability since thyroid hormone is essential for normal brain growth and development.