Question

Input from what system causes vasoconstriction during exercise and therefore an increase in blood pressure?

Option 1: Sympathetic nervous system
Option 2: Peripheral nervous system
Option 3: Parasympathetic nervous system
Option 4: Central nervous system

Answer 1

The Sympathetic nervous system causes vasoconstriction during exercise, increasing blood pressure through the release of norepinephrine and the action on adrenergic receptors.

Step-by-step explanation:

The system that causes vasoconstriction during exercise and therefore an increase in blood pressure is the Sympathetic nervous system. The blood vessels' smooth muscle contractions are regulated by adrenergic receptors that are responsive to norepinephrine released by the sympathetic nerves. Additionally, hormones such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, secreted by the adrenal medulla, enhance the vasoconstriction effect. As opposed to the sympathetic nervous system, the parasympathetic system generally has minimal effect on systemic blood vessel tone. In the context of exercise, increasing the sympathetic stimulation is necessary to ensure that muscles receive adequate blood flow to meet the elevated metabolic demands.