Final answer:
Phantom pain is the perception of pain in an amputated limb that is no longer present, while residual limb pain occurs at the end of the remaining portion of the limb. The correct distinction is Option 1 for phantom pain and Option 2 for residual limb pain, with mirror box therapy being an effective treatment for phantom limb syndrome.
Step-by-step explanation:
Phantom pain and residual limb pain are two different experiences individuals may have following an amputation. Phantom pain is a sensation that an amputated limb is still present and experiencing pain, despite the limb no longer being part of the body. This pain is perceived in the area where the limb used to exist. On the other hand, residual limb pain is the pain that occurs at the end of the remaining portion of the limb, often referred to as the stump. The correct distinction between the two is: Option 1, which defines phantom pain as pain in a leg or foot that is not there, and Option 2, which describes residual limb pain as pain at the end of the 'stump' or residual limb.
One innovative treatment for phantom limb syndrome is the mirror box therapy developed by Dr. V.S. Ramachandran. By reflecting the existing limb in a mirror, the brain is tricked into perceiving that there is control over the missing limb, which can help alleviate phantom pain. This method takes advantage of the brain's neural plasticity to ease chronic pain.