Final answer:
Diabetes insipidus is not a type of type 1 diabetes mellitus; the statement is false. It involves the underproduction of ADH and results in polyuria and polydipsia, and the urine is typically clear and less concentrated as opposed to the urine in diabetes mellitus.
Step-by-step explanation:
Diabetes insipidus is not a type of diabetes mellitus, also known as type 1 diabetes. This statement is false. Diabetes insipidus is characterized by the chronic underproduction of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or a mutation in the ADH receptor that leads to a significant increase in urine production and excessive thirst. On the other hand, diabetes mellitus is caused by issues with insulin production by the pancreas, leading to high blood glucose levels.
Regarding review questions, diabetes insipidus or diabetes mellitus would most likely be indicated by polyuria (b), which means the production of unusually large volumes of dilute urine. Other characteristics of urine in diabetes insipidus are that it's typically clear and less concentrated, unlike in diabetes mellitus, where the urine may contain glucose and be more concentrated.
The chronic underproduction of ADH in diabetes insipidus leads to increased excretion of dilute urine, known as polyuria, with normal excretion being up to 1500 ml/day, rising up to 6 to 20 liters/day in those with the condition. As a consequence, affected individuals experience increased thirst and water intake (polydipsia). The severity of the condition can result in electrolyte imbalances due to dehydration.