The complete genotypes of the parental and F1 generations in the image are as follows:
Parental generation:
Mother: LLmm
Father: llMM
F1 generation:
All offspring: LlMm
During gamete formation, each parent segregates their alleles for each trait.
The mother only produces gametes with L and m alleles.
The father only produces gametes with l and M alleles.
Fertilization results in offspring inheriting one allele for each trait from each parent.
Since both parents are heterozygous, all offspring receive one dominant and one recessive allele for each trait, resulting in the genotype LlMm.
Phenotypic Outcome:
Lozenge eyes (L) is dominant over normal eyes (l).
Miniature wings (m) is dominant over normal wings (M).
Therefore, all F1 offspring will exhibit lozenge eyes and miniature wings despite having different underlying genotypes.
Further Observations: This is a monohybrid cross because it only considers one trait at a time.
Crossing F1 individuals would result in a dihybrid cross, revealing more complex allele segregation and phenotypic ratios.
Conclusion: By analyzing the genotypes of the parents and offspring, we can understand the fundamental principles of Mendelian inheritance, including dominance, recessiveness, and segregation of alleles.