Final answer:
The correct nursing intervention for a patient with Ménière's disease experiencing vertigo is to keep the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees. This helps stabilize inner ear pressure and alleviate vertigo symptoms. Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo causes dizziness due to the stimulation of hair cells in the semicircular canals by gravity, and hearing aids are effective for sensorineural and conductive hearing loss but not directly for Ménière's disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
The appropriate nursing intervention for a 42-year-old woman with Ménière's disease who is admitted with vertigo, nausea, and vomiting would be to keep the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees. This position can help alleviate the symptoms of vertigo by stabilizing the pressure in the inner ear. Encouraging increased oral fluids is generally good practice for hydration, but in acute vertigo phases, it might increase nausea or vomiting. Changing the patient's position every 2 hours is more applicable to immobile patients to prevent bedsores than it is for vertigo management. Dimming the lights may help with symptoms such as photophobia but is not directly related to vertigo relief like the head elevation technique is.
In the case of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV), the migration of calcium carbonate crystals into the semicircular canals is problematic because it stimulates the hair cells in these canals, leading to dizziness. The correct answer to why this condition causes periods of dizziness would be that 'The hair cells in the semicircular canals will now be stimulated by gravity'.
Hearing aids might be effective for treating sensorineural and conductive hearing loss, but not Ménière's disease directly, as it often involves fluid accumulation in the inner ear that hearing aids do not address.