Final answer:
Prior to extubation, acceptable criteria include presence of cough reflex, spontaneous ventilation, and adequate tidal volume.
Step-by-step explanation:
Prior to extubation, there are several acceptable criteria that need to be met:
- Presence of cough reflex: This is important because a cough reflex helps to clear the airways of any secretions or mucus, reducing the risk of complications.
- Spontaneous ventilation: The patient should be able to breathe on their own without the assistance of a mechanical ventilator. This indicates that their respiratory muscles are functioning properly.
- Adequate tidal volume: Tidal volume is the amount of air that is inhaled and exhaled with each breath. A patient should have a sufficient tidal volume to ensure efficient gas exchange.
Therefore, the correct answer is D) All of the above, as all of these criteria are important before extubation.