Question

GAIN of relatively more WATER than SALT -- Excessive ADH (SIADH) -- Psychogenic polydipsia or fored excessive water drinking -- Excessive IV administration of 5% dextrose in water (D5W) -- Use of hypotonic irrigating solutions -- Tap-water enemas

a. Hypokalemia
b. HYPERnatremia c. Hyponatremia
d. Hyperkalemia

Answer 1

The relative gain of more water than salt in the body usually results in hyponatremia, which is a lower-than-normal concentration of sodium in the bloodstream.

Step-by-step explanation:

The conditions listed, such as excessive ADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion or SIADH), psychogenic polydipsia, excessive IV administration of D5W, and the use of hypotonic solutions, all lead to a relative gain of more water than salt. This dilutes the sodium in the bloodstream resulting in hyponatremia, which is a lower-than-normal concentration of sodium. Hyponatremia can be a consequence of numerous factors, including overconsumption of fluids, which leads to the dilution of sodium in the body. It can also be due to the absolute loss of sodium through various pathways in the body, such as through urine in conditions like diabetes or due to vomiting and diarrhea.