Final answer:
Deficiencies in Vitamin B and folic acid result in the production of abnormally large erythrocytes, which are called megaloblasts; these are indicative of megaloblastic anemia.
Step-by-step explanation:
Vitamin B and folic acid deficiencies are often associated with anemia that is characterized by the production of abnormally large erythrocytes, which are referred to as megaloblasts. The condition linked with these large, immature red blood cells is known as megaloblastic anemia. In this condition, the bone marrow produces megaloblasts that are larger than normal and have an abnormal morphology. These megaloblasts are the precursors to the large erythrocytes that circulate in the blood. Understanding that larger-than-normal cells are referred to as macrocytic, one can infer that megaloblastic anemia falls under macrocytic anemias. Therefore, the correct answer to the presented question is option b) Megaloblasts.