Final answer:
Posterior polar cataract is a type of cataract that forms at the back of the lens of the eye. The accumulation of protein and breakdown of lens fibers lead to opacity in the lens. Risk factors include UV-B radiation exposure, age, and genetics.
Step-by-step explanation:
Posterior polar cataract is a type of cataract that forms at the back of the lens of the eye. The pathophysiology, or the underlying changes that occur, involve the accumulation of protein and the breakdown of the lens fibers, leading to opacity in the lens. This type of cataract can cause vision problems and may require surgical intervention to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial lens.
One of the factors that can contribute to the development of posterior polar cataract is repeated exposure to UV-B radiation, which is more common in people living in the equatorial belt. Other risk factors include age and genetics.