Final answer:
Common causes of sinus tachycardia include hyperthyroidism, hypovolemia, and heart failure. Hypothyroidism and sleep are not associated with an increased heart rate; hypothyroidism generally lowers the heart rate, and sleep leads to a decrease in heart rate.
Step-by-step explanation:
The common causes of sinus tachycardia include a variety of physiological and pathological factors. Some of the correct choices from the list provided are:
- Hyperthyroidism: Overactivity of the thyroid gland, which can lead to increased heart rate.
- Hypovolemia: A decreased volume of blood plasma can cause the heart to beat faster to circulate the available blood more efficiently.
- Heart Failure: In an attempt to compensate for the heart's reduced ability to pump blood, the heart rate may increase.
The other options provided are not common causes of sinus tachycardia. Specifically, hypothyroidism typically results in a lower heart rate, and sleep is generally associated with a decrease in heart rate, not an increase.