Final answer:
In a client with an intact uterus, estrogen used to treat menopausal symptoms must be combined with progestins to decrease the risk of endometrial cancer. Progestins help prevent the endometrium from becoming too thick, which is a risk factor for cancer when estrogen is administered alone.
Step-by-step explanation:
When treating menopausal symptoms with estrogen in a client whose uterus is intact, progestins must be paired with the estrogen to reduce the risk of endometrial cancer. This combination is often referred to as hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or hormone therapy (HT). Estrogen alone can stimulate the lining of the uterus (endometrium) which may increase the risk of endometrial cancer. However, adding a progestin helps counteract this effect by promoting the normal shedding of the endometrial lining.
Importance of Progestins
In the context of hormone therapy, progestins play a crucial role in preventing the adverse effects caused by estrogen-only therapy. Guidelines suggest using the lowest dose for the shortest time possible to minimize potential risks such as cardiovascular issues, breast cancer, and blood clots.
Menopausal Hormone Therapy Studies
The results of many studies, including the Women's Health Initiative, have led to intense debate about the balance of benefits and risks associated with hormone therapy. Current recommendations advise regular pelvic and breast exams for clients undergoing HT.