Question

Gestational trophoblastic disease - Essentials of diagnosis:

a. Diagnosis: Ultrasound, Management: Hysterectomy
b. Diagnosis: Beta-hCG levels, Management: Methotrexate therapy
c. Diagnosis: MRI, Management: Oxytocin infusion
d. Diagnosis: Fetal heart rate monitoring, Management: External cephalic version

Answer 1

Gestational trophoblastic disease diagnosis typically involves ultrasound and beta-hCG level measurement. Treatment may include surgical options like a hysterectomy or chemotherapy with methotrexate. Successful treatment leads to a decrease in beta-hCG levels.

Step-by-step explanation:

Gestational trophoblastic disease is a group of rare tumors that involve abnormal growth of cells inside a woman's uterus. The essentials of diagnosis for this condition generally include the use of ultrasound imaging and measurement of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) levels. Elevated levels of beta-hCG can indicate the presence of these abnormal growths since this hormone is produced by the cells of the trophoblast, which is part of a developing embryo. Once diagnosis is confirmed, management may include surgical options like a hysterectomy, or medical treatments such as chemotherapy with drugs like methotrexate. It's important to note that a successful treatment usually results in falling beta-hCG levels, and any increase post-treatment could suggest recurrence.