Question

Which elements of the BPP are considered acute parameters?

a) Fetal breathing movements
b) Fetal movements
c) Fetal heart rate (FHR) reactivity
d) Both A and C

Answer 1

Acute parameters in the BPP include fetal breathing movements and fetal heart rate reactivity, both of which are indicative of the fetus's well-being and development.

Step-by-step explanation:

Acute parameters in the Biophysical Profile (BPP) refer to the measures that are assessed to evaluate the well-being and health of the fetus. In this case, the elements of the BPP that can be considered acute parameters are fetal breathing movements and fetal heart rate (FHR) reactivity. Fetal breathing movements involve muscle contractions that cause the inhalation and exhalation of amniotic fluid, and they are usually observed starting at around week 20 of fetal development. FHR reactivity refers to the change in the fetal heart rate in response to fetal movement. Both of these elements are indicative of the fetal health and development.