Question

State three major effects of Angiotensin II :

a)Directly stimulates blood vessels to constrict
•Effect on BP: increases BP
b)Stimulates Posterior Pituitary gland to release Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
•Effect on BP: increases BP
c)Stimulates Adrenal Gland (Cortex) to release Aldosterone
•Effect on BP: increases BP"

Answer 1

Angiotensin II is responsible for raising blood pressure through vasoconstriction, promoting retention of water by triggering ADH release, and stimulating aldosterone to increase sodium and water reabsorption. These actions collectively boost systemic blood pressure and blood volume.

Step-by-step explanation:

The three major effects of Angiotensin II involve an increase in blood pressure and blood volume through various mechanisms:

1. Directly stimulating blood vessels to constrict, which increases systemic blood pressure due to its potent vasoconstrictor activity.
2. Stimulating the Posterior Pituitary gland to release Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to water retention in the kidneys and further increasing blood pressure.
3. Stimulating the Adrenal Gland (Cortex) to release Aldosterone, which promotes reabsorption of sodium and thereby water in the kidneys, raising both blood volume and pressure.

Angiotensin II also augments blood pressure by enhancing the glomerular filtration rate and stimulating the thirst center in the hypothalamus, which prompts fluid intake. Medically, blood pressure can be controlled by ACE inhibitors, which reduce the effects of Angiotensin II.