Final answer:
The primary function of ER-associated degradation (ERAD) is removing misfolded proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. It plays a crucial role in maintaining protein quality control and preventing the accumulation of nonfunctional or toxic proteins in the cell.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary function of ER-associated degradation (ERAD) is removing misfolded proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. When proteins are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), some of them may not fold correctly and can become misfolded. ERAD recognizes these misfolded proteins and targets them for degradation, preventing them from being transported to their intended destinations.
This process is important for maintaining protein quality control and preventing the accumulation of nonfunctional or toxic proteins in the cell. ERAD involves a series of steps, including recognition of misfolded proteins, retrotranslocation of the proteins back into the cytoplasm, ubiquitination of the proteins, and degradation by the proteasome.