Question

What are the three ways to vaccinate against tumours?

Answer 1

There are three main approaches to vaccinating against tumors: therapeutic cancer vaccines, cancer vaccines using genetic engineering, and vaccines using viruses.

Step-by-step explanation:

There are three main approaches to vaccinating against tumors:

1. Therapeutic cancer vaccines: These vaccines stimulate the immune system to selectively attack cancer cells by using tumor-specific antigens. They aim to enhance TH1 function and interaction with cytotoxic T cells, resulting in a more effective attack on abnormal tumor cells.
2. Cancer vaccines using genetic engineering: In this approach, researchers use genetic engineering to develop antitumor vaccines. The vaccines contain a recombinant plasmid with genes for tumor antigens. These vaccines trick the immune system into targeting the tumor gene product as a foreign invader.
3. Vaccines using viruses: Some vaccines use viruses to prevent certain types of cancer by stimulating the immune response. These vaccines can be injected into tumors and infect and lyse the tumor cells, while also inducing a more general antitumor immune response in the patient.