Final answer:
The repair mechanism that uses simple ligation to repair double-strand breaks is Non-homologous End-Joining, an error-prone process unlike the more accurate Homologous Recombination, or Mismatch and Base Excision Repairs focusing on single-strand errors. The correct answer is B) Non-homologous end-joining.
Step-by-step explanation:
The double-strand break repair mechanism that is considered a simple ligation process is Non-homologous End-Joining (NHEJ). In this process, the ends of the double-strand break are directly ligated together without the need for a homologous template. NHEJ can lead to the deletion or insertion of a few base pairs, making it an error-prone mechanism. On the other hand, Homologous Recombination is a more complex and accurate repair mechanism that uses a homologous sequence as a template for repair.
Mismatch Repair and Base Excision Repair, while also involved in DNA repair, are not primarily focused on repairing double-strand breaks but instead deal with single-strand errors such as base mismatches and damaged bases, respectively. Therefore, the correct answer is B) Non-homologous end-joining.