Final answer:
Atherosclerosis is the buildup of plaque inside arteries, which consists of cell debris, cholesterol, and other substances. It is caused by factors such as a high-fat diet and smoking.
Step-by-step explanation:
Atherosclerosis is the buildup of plaque inside arteries. Plaque consists of cell debris, cholesterol, and other substances. Factors that contribute to plaque buildup include a high-fat diet and smoking. As plaque builds up, it narrows the arteries and reduces blood flow. Atherosclerosis is a disease characterized by the accumulation of plaques inside the arteries, leading to the thickening and stiffening of artery walls. These plaques are made up of cholesterol, fats, white blood cells, calcium, and other substances. Over time, the build-up of plaques narrows the arteries, resulting in reduced blood flow, which can lead to serious health problems such as heart attacks and strokes. Factors that contribute to the development of atherosclerosis include high cholesterol levels, particularly low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-fat diets, smoking, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. There is also a genetic component and increased risk with age and family history of cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, plaque formation can begin in late childhood and is commonly found in major arteries without early symptoms. Lifestyle choices such as poor nutrition, lack of physical activity, and tobacco use exacerbate the risk of developing atherosclerosis.