Final answer:
The priority nursing action for an 87-year-old patient hospitalized with pneumonia is cautious hydration. This is vital since elderly patients are more prone to dehydration which can worsen their condition and hamper recovery. Other actions such as bedrest, nasogastric intubation, and probiotics are additional considerations that require careful clinical judgement.
Step-by-step explanation:
An 87-year-old patient has been hospitalized with pneumonia, and the priority nursing action in this patient’s plan of care would be D) Cautious hydration. Elderly patients are at a higher risk for dehydration and its complications due to the body's diminished capacity to conserve water, the decreased thirst response, and illnesses that may cause fluid loss. Furthermore, dehydration can impair the recovery process and the patient's ability to fight infection. Bedrest could be recommended to conserve energy and aid in the body's battle against the illness. However, too much bedrest without appropriate mobilization can result in complications, such as pressure ulcers and muscle weakness. Nasogastric intubation and the administration of probiotic supplements may be considered at different stages of care, depending on the patient’s condition and specific needs, and should be carefully evaluated by the healthcare team. Moreover, while managing pneumonia, it is essential to avoid introducing new infections or exacerbating the condition with improper treatment options. The use of antibiotics must be prudent, as we see with cases where C. difficile infections occur due to broad-spectrum antibiotics or in patients with antibiotic-resistant infections requiring different treatments. Ultimately, all interventions should be aligned with a comprehensive assessment, sensitivity to the elderly patient's unique needs, and current clinical guidelines for managing pneumonia.