Final answer:
The minimum age for death penalty is set at 16 or 18 in these cases EXCEPT: Stanford v. Kentucky (1989)
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is c) Stanford v. Kentucky (1989).
In the case of Stanford v. Kentucky (1989), the Supreme Court ruled that the minimum age for the death penalty can be set at 16 for certain cases. This means that individuals who were 16 or older at the time of committing a crime that would otherwise be subject to the death penalty can be executed.
On the other hand, the cases of Roper v. Simmons (2005) and Atkins v. Virginia (2002) changed the minimum age for the death penalty. In Roper v. Simmons, the Supreme Court ruled that individuals who were under 18 at the time of committing a crime cannot be sentenced to death. And in Atkins v. Virginia, the Supreme Court ruled that individuals with intellectual disabilities cannot be executed.