Final answer:
Treatment for a 52-year-old man with emphysema includes bronchodilators to ease breathing and corticosteroids for long-term control of inflammation, along with supplemental oxygen if necessary. It's also important to avoid irritants and get vaccinations to prevent complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
The treatment of a 52-year-old man with difficulty breathing and a history of emphysema, which is a form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), typically involves medications to help improve breathing and manage symptoms. Given the progressive nature of emphysema, treatment aims to relieve symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Medications include:
- Bronchodilators: These inhaled medications help soothe constricted air passages, making it easier for air to move in and out of the lungs. They can provide immediate relief from breathing difficulties.
- Corticosteroids: These can be inhaled or taken orally. They are used for long-term control and can help reduce inflammation in the airways.
- Supplemental oxygen: In advanced stages of emphysema where oxygen levels may be low, supplemental oxygen may be prescribed.
It is crucial for patients with emphysema to avoid lung irritants, such as smoking, and to receive vaccinations to prevent infections that can exacerbate the condition.