Final answer:
False arrest, false imprisonment, assault, and battery are typically associated with civil law option (c), not with exceptions in administration, public, civic, or criminal justice. They can be part of tort law, which deals with civil wrongs.
Step-by-step explanation:
False arrest, false imprisonment, assault, and battery often fall under the purview of tort law which is part of civil law, on wrongs that an individual asserts have been committed against them by another party. These are not exceptions to any of the options provided (administration, public, civic, or criminal justice).
The correct category for false arrest and the like would likely be civil disputes, which are distinct from the criminal justice system unless the acts are also prosecuted criminally.
Examples of legal concepts and their classifications:
- Jail is an example of a total institution, as it fits the definition of a place where individuals are cut off from wider society and lead an enclosed, formally administered life.
- Among the options given, embezzlement is an example of corporate crime, which refers to crimes committed either by a corporate entity or by individuals acting on behalf of a corporation, company, or other business entity.
- Spousal abuse falls under the category of violent crime, as it entails physical harm or threat of harm between spouses.
- Laws that restrict access to private property, such as beaches, limit the freedom of movement, which is a civil liberty that allows individuals to travel and move around freely.
- An accused might negotiate a plea bargain for various reasons, including reducing the severity of the charges, receiving a lighter sentence, or avoiding the uncertainty and public exposure of a trial.
- Criminal cases involve an individual or entity being prosecuted by the state for an act considered an offense against society, while civil cases generally involve private disputes between individuals or organizations.