Final answer:
Miranda v. Arizona is based on the Fifth Amendment, which includes protections against self-incrimination, thus requiring police to inform suspects of their rights, such as the right to remain silent. So, the correct answer is option a) the Fifth Amendment.
Step-by-step explanation:
Miranda v. Arizona is based on protections guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment. This landmark case established that suspects must be informed of their rights prior to custodial interrogation, a practice that has become known as being read one's Miranda Rights.
The decision emphasized the protection against self-incrimination as a fundamental right that needs to be clearly explained to suspects so that they understand their right to remain silent and that anything they say can be used against them in a court of law.
The requirement to inform suspects of these rights is aimed at ensuring any statements made are voluntary and not the result of coercive police practices.
According to the options provided, the correct answer is a) the Fifth Amendment.